Tropical
forest destruction that occurred in various countries around the world
increasing from year to year and even in two or three decades to come is
expected to experience the threat of extinction due to illegal logging
(illegal logging), the transfer of land use, excessive forest
exploitation, and others. So
that in the early 1990s environmental experts from around the world met
in Rio de Jenero, Brazil and in essence, to discuss the steps and
strategies that must be done to preserve nature as well as efforts to
reduce the rate of damage or rescue the tropical forest.
In
Indonesia, deforestation reached 2.8 million hectares per year of total
forest area covering 120 million hectares that is spread all over
Indonesia. Of
the total forest area, about 57 to 60 million hectares of already
degraded and the damage that Indonesia now has only forest in good
condition approximately 50% of the total area of the existing area.
Such
conditions, if not addressed with wise and immediate rescue efforts by
governments and all citizens of Indonesia, in Indonesia over the next
two decades will no longer have a forest (Mangrove Information Center,
2006).
Indonesia
is one country that has the largest mangrove forest in the world to
achieve 25% of the total area of mangrove forests worldwide (18 million
hectares) that is an area of 4.5 million hectares or 3.8% of the total
forest area in Indonesia as a whole. At
least this mangrove forest area resulted in the attention of the
Government of Indonesia to the mangrove forest is very small too,
compared with inland forests. The
condition of mangrove forests also suffered damage similar to other
state of the forests in Indonesia (Mangrove Information Center, 2006).
Better
logging of forest land and mangrove forest not only lead to excessive
loss of water catchment areas, erosion, and natural disasters such as
erosion and flooding, but also results in loss of central circulation
and the formation of gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and O2 oxygen
necessary for human survival .
Most
people (especially the businessmen who traded forest timber products,
investors who develop their business by cutting down forests and
replaced with other crops such as palm or replace them with other
businesses such as farms, and government officials who issued permits
for timber harvesting in the forest) close their eyes and did
not feel guilt and sin against the natural disasters that have been, is
and will be incurred in connection with the activities they do.
Poor
environmental concern and awareness for people in particular should be
raised in an era which was vigorous, incessant talking about global
warming because the models are usually carried out environmental
education was no longer able to bring these greedy humans who tend to
sacrifice the interests of the people personal interests and family. Can
be believed that such person has contributed a lot to global warming is
happening now is that they should get the reward that kind of behavior.
Can brave and law enforcement officials
in Indonesia to take firm action against this individual for the sake of
safety and sustainability of natural as well as the interests and
survival of humans in Indonesia and the world ?
Facts destruction of mangrove forests can be seen especially clearly in Bali. Mangrove
deforestation on a large scale starting from the Village to Village
Pesanggaran Pemogan (the border between the city of Denpasar and Badung
District) conducted pre-1990 made by investors who are engaged in shrimp
farming has resulted in reduction of mangrove forest area drastically
in area. In the early development of shrimp ponds are indeed beneficial and can improve the economy of local society. However,
after several years of operation, the ponds begin to experience losses
resulting bankruptcy which led to the closure fish business.
Departure
of the investors are leaving the former shrimp farm and a deep and
protracted injury to the environment at the site until now. Mangrovepun
tree can not grow anymore, especially in places hard feeding shrimp
because the chemicals used for shrimp rearing them instantly. While investors have been disappearing off somewhere ?
Responding
to this phenomenon, the Government of Indonesia through the Ministry of
Forestry issued a policy (policy) which is expected to save the natural
riches of tropical forests that spread across the archipelago. One
of its policies is about efforts to save the mangrove forest in 1992
established the Mangrove Information Center (Mangrove Information
Center).
Mangrove
Information Center (MIC) is a joint project between the Government of
Indonesia through the Project Development of Sustainable Mangrove Forest
Management and the Government of Japan through the International
Cooperation Agency Japanese Government through Japan International
Corporation Agency (JICA).
This cooperation project consists of several stages. The first phase began in 1992 and ended in 1997. At this stage, the Japanese government sent a team to identify what things are needed and performed. From
the results of this identification, the team formed jointly by the
Governments of Indonesia and Japan and further agrees to develop
Sustainable Mangrove Forest Management Project. This
project aims to identify and explore reforestation techniques that can
be done for recovery (recovery) the condition of mangrove forests that
have been damaged.
The technique that was found was about how the seedbed and planting of mangrove seedlings. In addition, also published a guidebook mangrove planting. The
results achieved at this stage is to determine the model of sustainable
mangrove forest management, publishing several books such as guide
books (guide book) as the seedbed and planting of mangrove seedlings,
books related to mangroves, and mangrove reforestation or planting area
of 253 hectares in area parks Forest Kingdom.
Mangrove
reforestation efforts that have been conducted by The Mangrove
Information Centre has a particular significance for the people in
Denpasar and Badung regency due to consumption of oxygen supply is
already available in this place and improve the security of the tsunami
disaster for the communities adjacent to the mangrove forest . In addition, awareness and public awareness of the importance of preservation of mangrove forests is increasing. This
is evidenced by the increasing number of schools (from elementary
school to college) and the tourism industry by voluntarily to
participate in planting mangrove trees in some places such as the
conservation area of The Mangrove Information Center attack and the
Island of mangrove tree seedlings provided by the The Mangrove Information Center party. Other
business conducted by The Mangrove Information Center to increase
public awareness about the importance of environmental conservation is
to open a nature tourism activities (ecotourisme) so that people can see,
enjoy and interact with the environment directly in the mangrove
forest.
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