Correlation between the PLANTING OF TREES & reduce GLOBAL WARMING.

"Planting trees is an initial effort to reduce global warming"

Global warming is the increase in average air temperatures across the earth's surface. Air temperature rise occurred because more and more greenhouse gases in the earth's atmosphere. 

These gases include water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4), along with other gases surrounding the earth which is called the air. 

These gases have a greenhouse effect, so that sunlight can enter through the glass, but heat from the greenhouse can not go out because it was blocked by glass, so that the air inside the greenhouse gradually became hotter. 

Things like this do farmers in temperate regions to enhance and maintain stable temperatures in the region's agriculture. 

Similarly, the greenhouse gases in the earth's atmosphere. Sunlight is able to break through the layer of gas that reaches the earth's surface. Some light is absorbed by the earth, other re-emitted into the atmosphere (air) in the form of heat. 

This heat will be absorbed by greenhouse gases, then re-emitted in all directions directions, including most of the direction of the earth. Heat emitted back toward Earth that causes the air temperature at Earth's surface would be higher. 

Indeed the existence of greenhouse gases is very rudimentary so that the earth could be inhabited by living creatures, including humans, because if these gases did not exist then the earth's surface temperature will be very cold and did not allow living things to survive. 

Increasing the concentration (amount) of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere by itself will increase the amount of heat trapped in the earth's surface air layer. In the long term this is what causes global warming. 

Among greenhouse gases, the amount of carbon dioxide gas is increasing significantly, activity associated with an increased use of fossil fuels (gas, oil and coal) for various purposes such as transportation, industry and households, from pre-industrial era to era today's modern. 

The amount of methane gas also increased due to agricultural activities, but far fewer in number than carbon dioxide gas. 

Any burning of fossil fuels will release CO2 into the air as the rest of the combustion in a comparable amount. 

Monitoring at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii, consistently increasing CO2 concentration of about 318 ppm in 1957 to about 387 ppm in the year 2010. 

Meanwhile, the intergovernmental panel of experts on climate change (IPCC) revealed that the Earth's surface temperature increased 0.6 degrees Celsius from year 1861 till the year 2001, and currently estimated Earth's surface temperature increased about 0.74 degrees Celsius. 

Negative impacts of global warming has been voiced many circles since several decades ago, but the world community, especially among the industry realized in recent years after the polar ice began to melt. 

It was feared that melting ice will raise sea level, which could drown some islands and coastal cities, and all community activities in coastal areas. 

Another impact of the interruption in the pattern of global warming climate. Irregular weather patterns make agricultural cropping patterns become chaotic, and even can result in crop failure could lead to starvation for humans. 

For example, during the rainy season in Indonesia was known in the period September to February, and the dry season (heat) in March until August. With this pattern, usually farmers plant rice in December (peak season) and plans to harvest in March or April (early dry season). 

Because of climate change, the rainy season lasts until March, then the rice will be destroyed and can not be harvested. 

In addition, rising temperatures could lead to new diseases are difficult to treat, because it had not done the research. 

Experts estimate when the air temperature increased by two degrees Celsius, the earth's ecosystem changes that occur can not be recovered (ir-reversible), many creatures will become extinct. 

Therefore, to avoid a catastrophe because of the temperature rise of the world's nations agreed to reduce carbon emissions into the air starting in 2020. 

There are several ways to reduce the amount of CO2 in the air, among others, reduce use of fossil fuels and planting trees / plants / plants to absorb CO2 from the air. 

Reduce use of fossil fuels can be done with efficiency and energy use or use other energy sources like nuclear energy, solar, hydropower and others. 

Meanwhile, the absorption of CO2 from the air do plants (trees) through the process of photosynthesis in the leaves. Over energy aid from the sun, the water is absorbed from the soil plants will be mixed with the CO2 is absorbed from the air to produce sugars, organic material that is needed to grow and develop. 

More and more plants (trees) will be more and more also leaves that absorb CO2, so the concentration of CO2 in the air can be reduced. Thus the process of planting trees could reduce global warming. 

Actual photosynthetic process is one natural mechanism for maintaining the equilibrium concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere, in addition to dissolution of CO2 in the ocean due to wind and rain, and because the process of cooling the air. This is where the forest becomes important. 

Reduced forest area due to clearing and conversion to other purposes such as residential and industrial areas, a factor that accelerates the increased concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere in recent decades. 

Therefore, tree planting and reforestation of critical areas is an important step to reduce global warming. 

Incessant publicity about the phenomenon of global warming and its impact has raised awareness in the various circles of society in the world to participate against the rise in temperature of the earth. 

The Indonesian government held a one billion tree planting programs to achieve the target of reducing CO2 emissions by 26 percent in 2020. 

In Mississippi, United States, communities are competing to plant bamboo, in addition to reducing global warming is also to produce building materials and handicrafts. Even these groups perform a variety of research that produces bamboo species with a shorter harvest age. 

At the corporate level, environment-friendly production activities become as much competitive advantage by producing products labeled as environmentally friendly (eco-labeling). 

Surely not just planting trees make the air became cooler, but more than that, are not we realize that action contribute to the fight against global warming sehigga earth with all creatures in it spared from extinction.

SEO ( Search Engine Optimization )

SEO (Search Engine Optimization) is a science that until now there is still much studied by many web masters, bloggers and internet marketers.Many parameters in effect on the science of SEO and is still growing dynamically.

One measure of success of implementing SEO on a website or blog is a SERP (Search Engine Result Page) or the appearance of your site or blog on the first page of search engines.Can be seen in the figure below, if you type "Logging Story" on search engines.

Views on Google.com for Logging Story.

No. One from 190 million at the date of July 25, 2010

Next of Yahoo.com for "Logging Story" 

No. One from 109 million on 25 July 2010

From Bing.com for "Logging Story"

No. 1 of 13.3 million on 25 July 2010


From Ask.com for "Logging Story"

No. 1 from 5.751 million on 25 July 2010

From a very simple blog this fact can also get a place on the first page and the first sequence at various large search engines, many of the things that make a simple blog that appeared on the first page of search engine .... I will convey this to the next posting.Clearly there are also some blog belongs to me, who like this without a wide range of e-books to be purchased at the price expensive.

For bloggers who are poor like I was not allowed out some money to buy various e-book, follow the specific learning for SEO etc (a 100% self-study). 

What is certain at this writing page rank issued by google.com still "0" and the traffic rank from alexa.com on "2,632,969"

It's time now I ask for comments from the web master about the phenomenon that occurs on my blog.

Because of the limited knowledge I had at this time.

                                               
For Buy a Cup of Coffee  

I am a very foolish requires a cup of coffee and a pack of cigarettes from all of you to accompany the research that I do with the internet, after that I will share to you all.

Could you please send coffee and a pack of cigarettes in the form of money through my paypal account.

 

Efficiency and cost effectiveness for logging in West Borneo

Cutting of trees that are ready to be harvested sengon in west Borneo, could be said effective and efficient in transport cost savings from tree stands up in a small river. 

They use twigs from trees that were given sengon from a mixture of kerosene, lubricants and latex rubber pohn as bearing freight train pulled by human power. 

Very cheaply and quickly without having to spend large fees, while fortransport from a small river to the ships that would transport them to the island of Java to use the power from the tidal river.

You can view the video below to see how the process is conducted sengon (Albasia Falcata) logging.

There's one more video you can see on the efficiency and cost effectiveness of how they transport logs sengon (Albasia falcata) from the river into the boat hull.

Hopefully with a little explanation about the video and logging projects sengon (Albasia falcata) you all will understand about reforestation projects that also empower forest communities will better protect the natural plants that have been aged hundreds of years of extinction for the sake of science and heritage for future generations.

For Buy a cup of coffee 
      with paypal

Forest Management Effective Solutions

Obvious environmental problems have become major concerns of countries globally. Therefore, in contrast to the deep concern of the terrible impacts of global warming, then at months ago in December 2007, countries agreed to organize the world's then Kyoto Protocol (Kyoto Protocol) in order to find global solutions to address this global problem.


But behind the splendor implementation of the Kyoto Protocol that requires commitment and cooperation of all countries in the world, some controversy and spawned protests and then sticking to the substance of the agreement under the Kyoto Protocol itself.


One blow is a noisy protest around the implementation of carbon credits that are considered to limit the freedom of a country to exploit forests. In general, these carbon credits suggests that all countries in the world, especially those that have forests, reforestation and intensified in order to preserve the existence of forests to absorb carbon emissions are excessive in the air.


If you paid attention at first glance, it seems there's nothing wrong with the presence of carbon credits cooperative binding commitments from the global community in order to control the emission rate. But then, this is ultimately sided impressed to learn that the countries that have forests in general is a developing country, while the largest emitter countries are industrialized countries. 


Here, a dilemma complicated in forest use and undermine a country's choice of attitude. In one hand, the state has tied the Kyoto Protocol to promote greening and optimally as possible to avoid deforestation. However, on the other hand, carbon credits are actually considered to restrict the freedom of a country to gain economically from the existence value of forests. Dilemma of this reason, if only behind the objections and resistance from various parties Questioning use of forests in Indonesia. A number of parties in Indonesia considered that the use of forests for oil palm plantations be far beneficial than applying for carbon credits that are considered deadly economic potential of these forests. The assumption that the carbon credits is a failed solution is then brought this paper to analyze the effectiveness of the presence of carbon credits as a solution to forest management in Indonesia and komparasinya with other forms of forest management such as oil palm plantations. 


Current Condition of Indonesian Forest and Palm Plantation Proliferation


Cited the latest data from the environmental site mentions that the island of Borneo mongabay.com are now synonymous with lush forests, leaving only 32.6% of the total forest. The results of observations performed by the WWF even asserted that Indonesia has lost 72% of the total natural forest and 98% predicting a loss of tropical rain forests in Indonesia in 15 years. Scattered data is then coupled with a very horrible by the official government data which noted that if the rate of deforestation in Indonesia reached 2.8 million ha per year. 


Murky records of deforestation in Indonesia, which continued to heave until the middle of this year certainly very contrary to the voices and the ever-renewed commitment articulated in various environmental conferences. Amid the metamorphosis of the Montreal Protocol to the Kyoto Protocol as well as environmental rescue mission carried by various environmental organizations such as WWF, Ozone Action, Greenpeace, to Walhi, themed cases of illegal logging decorate it never missed the news columns. In fact, the rate of deforestation which reached 2.8 million ha is trusted by Wetlands International released their annual two billion tons of carbon dioxide or equal to 8% of total world emissions. The fact is that if brought Indonesia to the stairs three major emitters of the world level which is responsive to various environmental damage from flooding, climate change, to the scarcity of biodiversity.


Here is the essence of complicated and complex dilemma that has long undermined the developing countries like Indonesia. In this context, Indonesia is faced with two difficult choices between pursuing economic growth or maintaining biodiversity and sustainability of its forest wealth. A continuation of this story was predictable. Proliferation of oil palm plantations within the framework of free trade agreement seems to be a tempting solution that even the government led by slowly displacing the existence of a tropical rain forest and peat areas.


Oil Palm Plantation Development in Indonesia is running very fast. In 1968, 120 000 ha of new area and a 5.16 million ha in 2005 and in 2006 is projected to reach 6.046 million ha. The composition of palm oil concessions have also changed, from that previously only large country estates (PBN), to include plantation (PR) and large private estates (PBS). In 2005, the total area of PR around 2.202 million ha (40.44%), PBN 630 000 ha (11.58%) and PBS 2.61 million ha (47.98%). The third type of exploitation dominate Sumatra, Kalimantan and Sulawesi, while the location of the development of private plantations and smallholders. Massive proliferation of oil palm plantation was eventually culminate in the eviction of forest in various regions in Indonesia.


In East Kalimantan, for example, encroachment of forests is very conspicuous in Kutai National Park, East Kutai, East Kalimantan. Hundreds of people cutting down the forest, land leveling, and then burn serasahnya with a reason to build oil palm plantations. The same thing also looks kemudin foreman Nature Reserve, West Kalimantan. In this area, over 370 000 ha of peat forest conversion is also a target of oil palm plantations. Currently, according to records the Regional Environmental Impact Management Agency (Bapedalda), the remaining peat forests live 512 000 ha. Forest encroachment still occurs in the Betung Kerihun National Park and National Park Mountain Trench, West Kalimantan, which should be protected. 


The more serious problem is the lack of protection and control of the opening of the forest area. As a result, the population of people in the Borneo jungle, it is known in the protected forest area that should be maintained is finally come down drastically. Critical question we must ask here is, until when the number of forests in Indonesia can meet the needs of the area of oil palm plantation ? At a certain point, the forests in Indonesia is of course also be discharged. Economic advantages offered by this oil palm plantation at one time also will be annihilated along with the declining productivity of the oil palm plantation area. At that time, Indonesia will be the only state with a stagnant economy and is frequently hit by disasters in the middle of barren earth without forests. 


Carbon credits as a solution Better Forest Management.


Understanding the circumstances surrounding the latest illustration of the existence of Indonesia's forests, the Indonesian objections to the offer of carbon credits was clearly needs to be studied again. At this point, the authors will test the right mindset adopted by a majority stakeholder in Indonesia that the presence of deadly carbon credits instead of economic potential of forests in Indonesia without giving proper protection to the existence of the forest. 


Suggests a mechanism for carbon credits for reducing carbon emissions that describes the cooperation between countries that have forests with the advanced industrial countries with excessive emissions. That is, the countries of forest owners in general, developing countries must continue to preserve their forests, reforestation should be encouraged, and illegal logging, as well as contradictory exciting business of oil palm plantations should be stopped. This then is viewed by some countries, including Indonesia, as the specter of unfairness.


But the assumption of "off the economic potential of forests" which often seems too digaungkan here underestimate (over-simplified). These objections voiced it's too early without doing the cost and benefit analysis and also reflects the concept of eco-development and sustainable development are perfect. That's because, to analyze the existence of these carbon credits are objectively, then we must first understand the mechanism. 


Mechanism of carbon credits is to absorb excess carbon emissions from major emitter like the United States (U.S.) and the European Union through our forests, Indonesia and then will get some money incentives. One article in the Jakarta Post on September 22, 2007 clearly outlines the nominal number of carbon credits associated with this. Carbon credits to Europe will contribute U.S. $ 9.99 million annually for revenue of Indonesia. Meanwhile, U.S. carbon credits will earn U.S. $ 8.02 million annually. Par is clearly larger than the palm oil exports (U.S. $ 6.58 million per Thun), which actually destroy the forests and environment in Indonesia. Benefits offered by carbon credit is then further multiplied when considering the demand from the United States (U.S.), which more and more jump. Currently estimated carbon demand side of credit until the year 2012 reached 3.36 billion tons, while the supply side based on the listed projects are 2 billion tons.


Public anxiety will disappear and the growing shortage of available jobs is also an assumption that is not even attested. This is none other than due to the presence of carbon credits are also consistent with the existence of eco-tourism or ecotourism. Forest conservation is emphasized by the carbon credits instead enlarge the capital for the implementation of ecotourism which will absorb a lot of labor. Through this green solution, the forests will be increasingly unsustainable and the economy can grow independently. Beautiful nature preserve with diverse biological wealth will certainly become the object of study is a popular recreation and by domestic and foreign tourists. Visits from a variety of domestic and foreign tourists this will eventually contribute huge revenue belonging to the regional income. Availability of employment opportunities will also not be a problem. Jobs ranging from tour guides (guider) to producers of traditional mementoes course will give no small advantage for the surrounding community. Interwoven relationship between society and the environment is real is the real substance of the embodiment of eco-development, and sustainable development as a model of economic development and environmental protection ideal.